Kawasaki Ki48-I Lily (or "Type 99 Light Bomber") Unit: 208the Light Bomber Air Combat Regiment, 3rd Company, New Guinea, April 1944 Designated a light bomber by the Japanese, the Ki.48 was Japan’s answer to the Russian SB-2 bombers encountered in China, which had proven almost as fast as the Ki-27 "Nates" sent to intercept them. Kawasaki received the specification in December 1937 and a team led by Doi Takeo based the design on lessons learned from the Ki.45 "Nick". The Ki.48 prototype was completed July 1939. After modifications to reduce tail flutter, the first production aircraft began rolling out of the factory in July 1940. "Lily" saw its first operational use in north China, where it encountered almost no fighter opposition. The Ki.48-I was definitely obsolete by the start of the Pacific War, being slow and lacking adequate defensive armament, armor, and self-sealing fuel tanks. An improved version, the Ki.48-II, was developed in late 1941. It had more powerful engines using two-stage blowers for better high altitude performance, armor protection to both fuel tanks and crew. Externally, it was almost identical to the earlier Ki.48-I with the only visual difference being the larger air scoop on the cowling top and a smaller air scoop at the cowling bottom. The prototypes first flew in February 1942. But the improvements were not enough to eliminate its vulnerability to Allied fighters. It nonetheless became the most important Army light bomber in the Southwest Pacific. It was Japan's third most produced bomber and continued in service through the end of the war. Credits Captain Kurt: Aircraft model, VC, paint textures, aircraft flight files, and .dp Wolfi: Crew figures Allen: Japanese bombs (included in zip file) Lawdog2360: Sound Gauges by: ACWai, Mopar Mike, FDG2 and Microsoft

Kawasaki Ki48-I Lily (or "Type 99 Light Bomber") Unit: 3rd Chutai, 8th Hiko Sentai. Spring 1942 Designated a light bomber by the Japanese, the Ki.48 was Japan’s answer to the Russian SB-2 bombers encountered in China, which had proven almost as fast as the Ki-27 "Nates" sent to intercept them. Kawasaki received the specification in December 1937 and a team led by Doi Takeo based the design on lessons learned from the Ki.45 "Nick". Because of the priority placed on the troubled "Nick" program, the Ki.48 prototype was not complete until July 1939. After modifications to reduce tail flutter, the first production aircraft began rolling out of the factory in July 1940. "Lily" saw its first operational use in north China, where it encountered almost no fighter opposition. The Ki.48-I was definitely obsolete by the start of the Pacific War, being slow and lacking adequate defensive armament, armor, and self-sealing fuel tanks. It nonetheless became the most important Army light bomber in the Southwest Pacific. This is doubly ironic in that the aircraft was designed to be able to operate under the extreme conditions of cold characteristic of Manchuria. Credits Captain Kurt: Aircraft model, VC, paint textures, aircraft flight files, and .dp Wolfi: Crew figures Allen: Japanese bombs (included in zip file) Lawdog2360: Sound Gauges by: ACWai, Mopar Mike, FDG2 and Microsoft

Fiat Br 20 Cicogna Regia Aeronautica The Fiat Br.20 Cicogna (Italian translation "Stork) was created not only as a military instrument but also as an instrument of propaganda for Benito Mussolini's fascist regime symbolic of fascist power. After the 1935 invasion of Ethiopia by Italian forces, it was decided that a new, modern bomber was required. In 1936, Celestino Rosatelli designed what was considered one of the most advanced bombers at that time. The Fiat Br.20 Cicogna was a low-wing, twin-engine monoplane with all-metal framework, twin rudders and retractable landing gear. It was stress-skinned except fabric covered sections of the aft fuselage, wing and tail planes. When it became operational a number were tested in the Spanish Civil War. It was proficient enough for that conflict but had many flaws that needed to be sorted out in later versions. The first production model for the Regia Aeronautica was 253 examples. The Cicogna went on to fight in Greece, Yugoslavia, Malta and North Africa but only did well when not facing aerial opposition. A further development, the Br.20M (Modificato) with heavier defensive guns and broader wings was developed before Italy entered World War II in June of 1940. However the Br.20M still performed poorly and production ended after 264 examples. Both versions were deployed until Italy surrendered in 1943. By then only a few were still in service. Interestingly, Japan purchased 100 export versions of the first run Br.20s. Their deficiencies were further confirmed in the Chinese theatre. The Japanese phased them out as soon as the Mitsubishi K.21 became available. Credits Captain Kurt: Aircraft model, bomb, VC, paint textures, aircraft flight files, and .dp Kelticheart: Prop blurred texture Sound and gauges - see credits folder

Fiat Br 20 Cicogna Aviazione Legionaria The Fiat Br.20 Cicogna (Italian translation "Stork) was created not only as a military instrument but also as an instrument of propaganda for Benito Mussolini's fascist regime symbolic of fascist power. After the 1935 invasion of Ethiopia by Italian forces, it was decided that a new, modern bomber was required. In 1936, Celestino Rosatelli designed what was considered one of the most advanced bombers at that time. The Fiat Br.20 Cicogna was a low-wing, twin-engine monoplane with all-metal framework, twin rudders and retractable landing gear. It was stress-skinned except fabric covered sections of the aft fuselage, wing and tail planes. When it became operational a number were tested in the Spanish Civil War. It was proficient enough for that conflict but had many flaws that needed to be sorted out in later versions. The first production model for the Regia Aeronautica was 253 examples. The Cicogna went on to fight in Greece, Yugoslavia, Malta and North Africa but only did well when not facing aerial opposition. A further development, the Br.20M (Modificato) with heavier defensive guns and broader wings was developed before Italy entered World War II in June of 1940. However the Br.20M still performed poorly and production ended after 264 examples. Both versions were deployed until Italy surrendered in 1943. By then only a few were still in service. Interestingly, Japan purchased 100 export versions of the first run Br.20s. Their deficiencies were further confirmed in the Chinese theatre. The Japanese phased them out as soon as the Mitsubishi K.21 became available. Credits Captain Kurt: Aircraft model, bomb, VC, paint textures, aircraft flight files, and .dp Kelticheart: Prop blurred texture Sound and gauges - see credits folder

Focke Wulf Fw 190D-9 early canopy by Design Team Daedalus Unit: Stab IV./JG 3 Prenzlau, Germany March, 1945 Pilot: Oberleutnant Oskar Romm The Fw 190D-9 combined the Fw 190A-8 fuselage and wings with the Jumo 213A-1 engine to create a higher altitude capable fighter than the A-8. The first production aircraft were completed at Focke-Wulf’s factory at Sorau in Silesia in late August 1944. Problems with engine meant that the second aircraft wasn’t completed until mid-September, but construction soon sped up. By the end of September production was underway at Focke-Wulf’s factory at Cottbus, and in October work began at Roland (WFG) at Nordenahm and Fieseler at Kassel. Junkers and Siebel produced parts, and Arado was also involved in the program. The total number produced is unclear, with at least 670 known and no records for December 1944 or February 1945 to the end of the war. 1,500 serial numbers are known to have been allocated to the D-9, but that doesn’t mean that all of these aircraft were completed. The standard D-9 was armed with two 13mm MG 131 machine guns above the engine and two 20mm MG 151 cannon in the wing roots. It could also carry an ETC 501 or ETC 504 stores carriers below the fuselage. The first D-9 unit, III./JG 54, began to convert to the type in September 1944, and by the end of October had 68 aircraft, of which only one had the MW 50 installed. However 53 had been given a new Junkers kit that increased the manifold pressure in the engine and boosted power from 1,750hp to around 1,870hp. By the end of December 1944 there were 183 D-9s in service with three units (III./JG 54, II./JG 26 and III./JG 26), with some equipped with both the MW 50 and Junkers kits, some with one or the other and some without either. However new aircraft coming off the production line mainly had both. Early in 1945 the D-9 was issued to JG 2, JG 3, JG 6, JG 51 and JG 301, although these units normally operated a mix of types. In service the D-9 was considered to be as good as its main opponents, in particular the Merlin powered P-51 Mustangs and the Griffon powered Spitfire Mk.XIV. It handled better than the Fw 190A, was faster and climbed quicker. It could out-turn most Soviet fighters at the normal combat levels, and was quicker in the dive than the Yak-3 or Yak-9. It was a very good fighter for that time but was too little too late to have any effect on the course of the war. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Captain Kurt developed the model from the old Pstrany Dora model - with permission - as a starting framework and updated the shape, and added multiple details, new parts, new VC, and animations. The original Pstrany airfiles, and Dora weapons models for the drop tanks, weapons, and racks are still used as is the Jumo sound package (included) Model revision 3 fixes an animation error and several minor model improvements Captain Kurt also created the camouflage paint, and the 2D instrument panel.

Focke Wulf Fw 190D-9 early canopy by Design Team Daedalus Unit: Stab II./JG 6 Airbase Ruzyne, Prague, Czechoslovakia May, 1945 Pilot: unknown The Fw 190D-9 combined the Fw 190A-8 fuselage and wings with the Jumo 213A-1 engine to create a higher altitude capable fighter than the A-8. The first production aircraft were completed at Focke-Wulf’s factory at Sorau in Silesia in late August 1944. Problems with engine meant that the second aircraft wasn’t completed until mid-September, but construction soon sped up. By the end of September production was underway at Focke-Wulf’s factory at Cottbus, and in October work began at Roland (WFG) at Nordenahm and Fieseler at Kassel. Junkers and Siebel produced parts, and Arado was also involved in the program. The total number produced is unclear, with at least 670 known and no records for December 1944 or February 1945 to the end of the war. 1,500 serial numbers are known to have been allocated to the D-9, but that doesn’t mean that all of these aircraft were completed. The standard D-9 was armed with two 13mm MG 131 machine guns above the engine and two 20mm MG 151 cannon in the wing roots. It could also carry an ETC 501 or ETC 504 stores carriers below the fuselage. TThe first D-9 unit, III./JG 54, began to convert to the type in September 1944, and by the end of October had 68 aircraft, of which only one had the MW 50 installed. However 53 had been given a new Junkers kit that increased the manifold pressure in the engine and boosted power from 1,750hp to around 1,870hp. By the end of December 1944 there were 183 D-9s in service with three units (III./JG 54, II./JG 26 and III./JG 26), with some equipped with both the MW 50 and Junkers kits, some with one or the other and some without either. However new aircraft coming off the production line mainly had both. Early in 1945 the D-9 was issued to JG 2, JG 3, JG 6, JG 51 and JG 301, although these units normally operated a mix of types. In service the D-9 was considered to be as good as its main opponents, in particular the Merlin powered P-51 Mustangs and the Griffon powered Spitfire Mk.XIV. It handled better than the Fw 190A, was faster and climbed quicker. It could out-turn most Soviet fighters at the normal combat levels, and was quicker in the dive than the Yak-3 or Yak-9. It was a very good fighter for that time but was too little too late to have any effect on the course of the war. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Captain Kurt developed the model from the old Pstrany Dora model - with permission - as a starting framework and updated the shape, and added multiple details, new parts, new VC, and animations. The original Pstrany airfiles, and Dora weapons models for the drop tanks, weapons, and racks are still used as is the Jumo sound package (included) Model revision 3 fixes an animation error and several minor model improvements Captain Kurt also created the camouflage paint, and the 2D instrument panel.

Focke Wulf Fw 190D-9 early canopy by Design Team Daedalus Unit: Stab I./JG 2 Bodenplatte operation, Dorff, Germany January 1, 1945 Pilot: Fw. Werner Hohenburg The Fw 190D-9 combined the Fw 190A-8 fuselage and wings with the Jumo 213A-1 engine to create a higher altitude capable fighter than the A-8. The first production aircraft were completed at Focke-Wulf’s factory at Sorau in Silesia in late August 1944. Problems with engine meant that the second aircraft wasn’t completed until mid-September, but construction soon sped up. By the end of September production was underway at Focke-Wulf’s factory at Cottbus, and in October work began at Roland (WFG) at Nordenahm and Fieseler at Kassel. Junkers and Siebel produced parts, and Arado was also involved in the program. The total number produced is unclear, with at least 670 known and no records for December 1944 or February 1945 to the end of the war. 1,500 serial numbers are known to have been allocated to the D-9, but that doesn’t mean that all of these aircraft were completed. The standard D-9 was armed with two 13mm MG 131 machine guns above the engine and two 20mm MG 151 cannon in the wing roots. It could also carry an ETC 501 or ETC 504 stores carriers below the fuselage. The first D-9 unit, III./JG 54, began to convert to the type in September 1944, and by the end of October had 68 aircraft, of which only one had the MW 50 installed. However 53 had been given a new Junkers kit that increased the manifold pressure in the engine and boosted power from 1,750hp to around 1,870hp. By the end of December 1944 there were 183 D-9s in service with three units (III./JG 54, II./JG 26 and III./JG 26), with some equipped with both the MW 50 and Junkers kits, some with one or the other and some without either. However new aircraft coming off the production line mainly had both. Early in 1945 the D-9 was issued to JG 2, JG 3, JG 6, JG 51 and JG 301, although these units normally operated a mix of types. In service the D-9 was considered to be as good as its main opponents, in particular the Merlin powered P-51 Mustangs and the Griffon powered Spitfire Mk.XIV. It handled better than the Fw 190A, was faster and climbed quicker. It could out-turn most Soviet fighters at the normal combat levels, and was quicker in the dive than the Yak-3 or Yak-9. It was a very good fighter for that time but was too little too late to have any effect on the course of the war. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Captain Kurt developed the model from the old Pstrany Dora model - with permission - as a starting framework and updated the shape, and added multiple details, new parts, new VC, and animations. The original Pstrany airfiles, and Dora weapons models for the drop tanks, weapons, and racks are still used as is the Jumo sound package (included) Model revision 3 fixes an animation error and several minor model improvements Captain Kurt also created the camouflage paint, and the 2D instrument panel.

Focke Wulf Fw 190A-3 Unit: 4./JG1, Woensdrecht, the Netherlands March 1942 Pilot: Oblt. Robert Olejnik This aircraft had all 4 wing cannons. The Fw 190 series entered combat with the A-1 model in September 1941 proving a huge shock to the RAF as it was clearly superior to the Spitfire V (which was the primary RAF fighter at the time) in everything except turning radius. However these early versions suffered from severe engine overheating problems and fires which kept serviceability rates low throughout 1941. This was somewhat solved in the field by JG26 technical officers by rerouting the exhaust pipes and opening cooling slots in the fuselage aft of the engine. These changes were introduced into the production line for the following A-2 models which began arriving in December 1941. The Fw 190 A-3 began deliveries in the spring of 1942 with the change to the more powerful BMW 801D-2 1700hp engine using 96 octane fuel, replacing the unreliable BMW 801C-1 in the Fw190 A-2. Fw 190A-3 was externally identical to the A-2, which makes the two variants extremely difficult to tell apart. The only positive visual clues could only be seen up-close: the C3 fuel triangles and the Werknummer. Like the A-2, it had two cowl mounted MG 17 machine guns, two inboard wing mounted MG 151 20mm cannons with protruding barrels and wing root blisters, plus two MG FF 20mm cannons in outboard positions, with underwing bulges. The slower firing MG FF cannons with its limited 90 rpg were often removed in the field and panel bulges replaced with flat panels. Besides the difference in the number of wing cannons, the only other major variant was the FW 190A-3/U3 fighter bomber which had an under-fuselage mounted bomb rack ETC 501 for carriage of 500 kg of bombs (1 500 kg, 1 250 kg or 4 50 kg on the ER4 adapter) or an external drop tank of 300 liter capacity for long range fighters. These usually had the retractable small gear cover doors removed which would interfere with the ordinance loads. By early 1943, 509 A-3s had been built. By mid 1943 it was being relagated to opertional training organizations. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Captain Kurt developed the model using some parts of the Design Team Daedalus Fw 190D-9 model, which in turn was developed from the old Pstrany Dora model by Captain Kurt - with permission. The new model added multiple details, new parts, new VC, and animations. The air files are a further development of the Design Team Daedalus FW 190 series. Captain Kurt also created the camouflage paints, and the 2D instrument panel. Keticheart: prop blur .bmp AliCat: o2 Wachter and Sauerstoff guages FSD: most of the gauges other gauge authors are unknown

Focke Wulf Fw 190A-3 Unit: 9./JG2, Poix, France in the fall of 1942 Pilots: Ofw. Fritz Hartmann and Ltn. Heribert Hufnagl This aircraft had the outer two wing cannons removed. The Fw 190 series entered combat with the A-1 model in September 1941 proving a huge shock to the RAF as it was clearly superior to the Spitfire V (which was the primary RAF fighter at the time) in everything except turning radius. However these early versions suffered from severe engine overheating problems and fires which kept serviceability rates low throughout 1941. This was somewhat solved in the field by JG26 technical officers by rerouting the exhaust pipes and opening cooling slots in the fuselage aft of the engine. These changes were introduced into the production line for the following A-2 models which began arriving in December 1941. The Fw 190 A-3 began deliveries in the spring of 1942 with the change to the more powerful BMW 801D-2 1700hp engine using 96 octane fuel, replacing the unreliable BMW 801C-1 in the Fw190 A-2. Fw 190A-3 was externally identical to the A-2, which makes the two variants extremely difficult to tell apart. The only positive visual clues could only be seen up-close: the C3 fuel triangles and the Werknummer. Like the A-2, it had two cowl mounted MG 17 machine guns, two inboard wing mounted MG 151 20mm cannons with protruding barrels and wing root blisters, plus two MG FF 20mm cannons in outboard positions, with underwing bulges. The slower firing MG FF cannons with its limited 90 rpg were often removed in the field and panel bulges replaced with flat panels. Besides the difference in the number of wing cannons, the only other major variant was the FW 190A-3/U3 fighter bomber which had an under-fuselage mounted bomb rack ETC 501 for carriage of 500 kg of bombs (1 500 kg, 1 250 kg or 4 50 kg on the ER4 adapter) or an external drop tank of 300 liter capacity for long range fighters. Only the two wing cannons were carried and usually had the retractable small gear cover doors removed which would interfere with the ordinance loads. By early 1943, 509 A-3s had been built. By mid 1943 it was being relagated to opertional training organizations. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Captain Kurt developed the model using some parts of the Design Team Daedalus Fw 190D-9 model, which in turn was developed from the old Pstrany Dora model by Captain Kurt - with permission. The new model added multiple details, new parts, new VC, and animations. The air files are a further development of the Design Team Daedalus FW 190 series. Captain Kurt also created the camouflage paints, and the 2D instrument panel. Keticheart: prop blur .bmp AliCat: o2 Wachter and Sauerstoff guages FSD: most of the gauges other gauge authors are unknown

Focke Wulf Fw 190A-3/U3 Unit: ErgSchlGr - Schlachtfliegerschule, Deblin-Irena summer 1943 Pilot: various trainees being converted from level bomber and transport pilots This aircraft was the /U3 fighter bomber variant. The Fw 190 series entered combat with the A-1 model in September 1941 proving a huge shock to the RAF as it was clearly superior to the Spitfire V (which was the primary RAF fighter at the time) in everything except turning radius. However these early versions suffered from severe engine overheating problems and fires which kept serviceability rates low throughout 1941. This was somewhat solved in the field by JG26 technical officers by rerouting the exhaust pipes and opening cooling slots in the fuselage aft of the engine. These changes were introduced into the production line for the following A-2 models which began arriving in December 1941. The Fw 190 A-3 began deliveries in the spring of 1942 with the change to the more powerful BMW 801D-2 1700hp engine using 96 octane fuel, replacing the unreliable BMW 801C-1 in the Fw190 A-2. Fw 190A-3 was externally identical to the A-2, which makes the two variants extremely difficult to tell apart. The only positive visual clues could only be seen up-close: the C3 fuel triangles and the Werknummer. Like the A-2, it had two cowl mounted MG 17 machine guns, two inboard wing mounted MG 151 20mm cannons with protruding barrels and wing root blisters, plus two MG FF 20mm cannons in outboard positions, with underwing bulges. The slower firing MG FF cannons with its limited 90 rpg were often removed in the field and panel bulges replaced with flat panels. Besides the difference in the number of wing cannons, the only other major variant was the FW 190A-3/U3 fighter bomber which had an under-fuselage mounted bomb rack ETC 501 for carriage of 500 kg of bombs (1 500 kg, 1 250 kg or 4 50 kg on the ER4 adapter) or an external drop tank of 300 liter capacity for long range fighters. These usually had the retractable small gear cover doors removed which would interfere with the ordinance loads. By early 1943, 509 A-3s had been built. By mid 1943 it was being relagated to opertional training organizations. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Captain Kurt developed the model using some parts of the Design Team Daedalus Fw 190D-9 model, which in turn was developed from the old Pstrany Dora model by Captain Kurt - with permission. The new model added multiple details, new parts, new VC, and animations. The air files are a further development of the Design Team Daedalus FW 190 series. Captain Kurt also created the camouflage paints, and the 2D instrument panel. Keticheart: prop blur .bmp AliCat: o2 Wachter and Sauerstoff guages FSD: most of the gauges other gauge authors are unknown